Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York (penerbit edisi pertama; edisi Inggris oleh Profile Books, London, 2018; edisi eksemplar ini belum diperiksa) · Pada sampul depan terlihat nama Francis Fukuyama dengan keterangan "New York Times bestselling author", judul Identity, dan anak judul The Demand for Dignity and the Politics of Resentment, dengan sampul putih gading bergaris tepi merah. Eksemplar ini bersampul lunak (paperback) dan memiliki label perpustakaan di sisi kiri sampul. Edisi pertama terbit pada 2018 oleh Farrar, Straus and Giroux (New York) dan Profile Books (London); edisi, penerbit, tahun cetak, ISBN, dan jumlah halaman eksemplar ini belum diverifikasi. · 2018
Abstract
Francis Fukuyama argues that contemporary politics is increasingly driven by demands for the recognition of dignity rather than by economic interest alone. Starting from Plato's concept of thymos, he traces ideas of the inner self, dignity and recognition from Luther and Rousseau to Hegel, showing how these demands powered democratic revolutions while also giving rise to nationalism, religious politics and a fragmented identity politics on both the left and the right. He distinguishes isothymia, the demand to be recognised as equal, from megalothymia, the desire to be recognised as superior. In the closing chapters he proposes a creedal national identity built on shared constitutional values, policies of assimilation and national service as remedies for polarisation. First published in 2018 by Farrar, Straus and Giroux and by Profile Books, the book has become an important reference and a frequent target of criticism in debates on populism.
Identifier
KBA-BKU-2018-0007
Type
Buku
Publisher
Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York (penerbit edisi pertama; edisi Inggris oleh Profile Books, London, 2018; edisi eksemplar ini belum diperiksa)
Date Issued
2018
Bibliographic Citation
Pada sampul depan terlihat nama Francis Fukuyama dengan keterangan "New York Times bestselling author", judul Identity, dan anak judul The Demand for Dignity and the Politics of Resentment, dengan sampul putih gading bergaris tepi merah. Eksemplar ini bersampul lunak (paperback) dan memiliki label perpustakaan di sisi kiri sampul. Edisi pertama terbit pada 2018 oleh Farrar, Straus and Giroux (New York) dan Profile Books (London); edisi, penerbit, tahun cetak, ISBN, dan jumlah halaman eksemplar ini belum diverifikasi.
JF799 .F85 2018 — Partisipasi politik; politik identitas dan martabat dalam ilmu politik
LCSH Subject
Identity politics; Group identity -- Political aspects; Dignity; Resentment; Political participation -- Social aspects
BISAC Category
POL042000 POLITICAL SCIENCE / Political Ideologies / General; POL010000 POLITICAL SCIENCE / History & Theory
Language
Inggris
Description
Francis Fukuyama (born 1952 in Chicago) is an American political scientist who became world famous with The End of History and the Last Man (1992), the book that grew out of his 1989 essay on the possibility that humanity's ideological evolution had reached its end point in liberal democracy. He earned his doctorate in political science at Harvard University, worked at the RAND Corporation and on the Policy Planning Staff of the US Department of State, and later taught at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies. When this book appeared he was the Olivier Nomellini Senior Fellow at the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies at Stanford University. His other major works include Trust (1995), The Great Disruption (1999), State-Building (2004), and the two volumes The Origins of Political Order (2011) and Political Order and Political Decay (2014). The cover of this copy presents him as a New York Times bestselling author, a marketing line common on paperback editions of his work.
Identity: The Demand for Dignity and the Politics of Resentment was first published in 2018 in New York by Farrar, Straus and Giroux, with roughly two hundred pages of text plus notes and index. In the same year Profile Books in London issued a British edition, and paperback editions later appeared in both markets. Part of the argument was also published as a long essay in Foreign Affairs in 2018, so the book entered the public debate on populism, Brexit and the election of Donald Trump almost immediately. It has been translated into many languages. The exact edition of the copy held in the KBA13 Academy Archive and Library, including its publisher, printing year and ISBN, has not yet been checked against the copyright page.
The book's central argument is that contemporary politics can no longer be explained adequately in terms of economic interest, and is increasingly driven by demands for the recognition of dignity. Fukuyama organises the argument into fourteen short chapters. The first, The Politics of Dignity, sets out the rise of populist nationalism and identity politics across many countries. The second, The Third Part of the Soul, returns to Plato's Republic to introduce thymos, the part of the soul that craves recognition, alongside desire and reason. The third, Inside and Outside, traces the emergence of the modern idea of an authentic inner self set against the demands of society, drawing among others on Martin Luther and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. The fourth and fifth chapters, From Dignity to Democracy and Revolutions of Dignity, explain how the demand for universal recognition, formulated philosophically by Kant and Hegel, became a driving force of democratic revolutions from the French Revolution to the Arab Spring.
The following chapters examine how that demand for recognition changed direction. Expressive Individualism looks at the culture of self-expression in modern liberal societies, while Nationalism and Religion shows how modern nationalism and modern religious movements both offer answers to the anxieties of identity produced by modernisation. Here Fukuyama reads contemporary Islamism partly as a form of identity politics, a response for young Muslims uprooted from traditional societies, particularly in Europe. The Wrong Address advances the provocative thesis that some economic discontent that might have been expressed in terms of class has instead been channelled into the language of nation and religion. Invisible Man, The Democratization of Dignity and From Identity to Identities describe the extension of claims to dignity to long-marginalised groups and their fragmentation into narrower, competing identities on both the left and the right of the political spectrum.
The three closing chapters are prescriptive. We the People and Stories of Peoplehood discuss the need of democratic states for an inclusive national identity, and What Is to Be Done? sets out policy proposals. Fukuyama argues for a creedal national identity built on shared commitment to constitutional values rather than on ethnicity, race or religion. He also discusses the assimilation of immigrants, the requirements of citizenship, and the idea of universal national service as a means of building a sense of common belonging. The book is thus a critique both of ethno-nationalist identity politics on the right and of tendencies on parts of the left that, in his view, abandoned the agenda of economic equality in favour of group recognition.
The key concepts of the book come from classical and modern political philosophy. Thymos is the soul's need for recognition. Isothymia names the demand to be recognised as equal to others, and megalothymia the desire to be recognised as superior. Fukuyama also works with the concepts of dignity, recognition in the Hegelian tradition, political resentment, creedal identity and national identity. This framework links the book to The End of History, whose final part had already discussed thymos and the figure of the last man. Many readers have therefore seen Identity as both a revision and a continuation of Fukuyama's intellectual project in the face of the crisis of liberal democracy after 2016.
The book was widely received and widely contested. Major media in the United States and Britain reviewed it, and many reviewers praised the clarity of its prose and its willingness to connect the history of ideas with current politics. Criticism came from several directions. Some reviewers on the left argued that Fukuyama placed the civil rights movement, feminism and anti-racist movements on the same footing as right-wing populist nationalism, as though both were equally damaging forms of identity politics. Other critics found its treatment of the history of philosophy brief and selective, or considered its policy proposals, such as national service and creedal identity, too rooted in American and European experience. Some readers also felt the book explained complex political-economic phenomena too quickly through a single psychological category. The debate continued in his next book, Liberalism and Its Discontents (2022).
For Indonesia and Southeast Asia the book is relevant without any need to force the connection. Indonesia has a long experience of framing a national identity that cuts across ethnicity and religion through Pancasila and Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, so Fukuyama's idea of creedal identity can be compared critically with that experience. The debates over identity politics in Indonesian national and regional elections since the mid-2010s can likewise be read through the concepts of dignity and political resentment, although Fukuyama himself scarcely discusses Indonesia. For the Muslim world, his reading of Islamism as a search for identity should be approached with care, since it rests largely on the experience of the Muslim diaspora in Europe and pays limited attention to theological dynamics and local histories. For Aceh, questions of dignity, recognition and collective identity in the history of the conflict, the 2005 Helsinki peace and the implementation of Islamic law offer an interesting point of comparison, even though the book does not address them.
Academically, the book also serves as a gateway to the broader literature on the politics of recognition, such as the work of Charles Taylor and Axel Honneth, and to studies of populism and nationalism. In the classroom it can be used to discuss the relationship between classical political philosophy, political psychology and public policy, particularly on minority integration, citizenship and pluralism. Its strength lies in an accessible synthesis. Its limitation lies in its thin empirical coverage beyond North America and Europe, so readers in Southeast Asia will need to supplement it with regional scholarship.
This copy is a paperback with an off-white cover and red borders along both sides. The cover carries the name Francis Fukuyama, described as a New York Times bestselling author, the title Identity and the subtitle The Demand for Dignity and the Politics of Resentment. A library label is attached on the left side of the cover. The publisher, printing year, ISBN and page count of this copy have not been verified, because only a photograph of the front cover is available.
As part of the KBA13 Academy Archive and Library, this book serves as a reference for studies of identity politics, dignity and recognition in democracy, populism, nationalism and the crisis of liberal democracy in the twenty-first century. The archive also provides material that informs the studies carried out at KBA13 Academy and KBA13 Insight.
Francis Fukuyama, “Identity: The Demand for Dignity and the Politics of Resentment”, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York (penerbit edisi pertama; edisi Inggris oleh Profile Books, London, 2018; edisi eksemplar ini belum diperiksa), Pada sampul depan terlihat nama Francis Fukuyama dengan keterangan "New York Times bestselling author", judul Identity, dan anak judul The Demand for Dignity and the Politics of Resentment, dengan sampul putih gading bergaris tepi merah. Eksemplar ini bersampul lunak (paperback) dan memiliki label perpustakaan di sisi kiri sampul. Edisi pertama terbit pada 2018 oleh Farrar, Straus and Giroux (New York) dan Profile Books (London); edisi, penerbit, tahun cetak, ISBN, dan jumlah halaman eksemplar ini belum diverifikasi., 2018. KBA13 Academy Archive and Library, KBA-BKU-2018-0007.
